AS Ph.D. scholar receives best author award
Ms. Ananya Anurag Anand, a research scholar at the Dept. of Applied Sciences, has recently been awarded the Best Author Award by NMCBI (Health and Fitness Category) for her book ‘MENSTRUATION: a consciousness that is experienced unconsciously’. She has also won the ‘Non-Fiction-Woman Writer of the Year Award 2023’ by Ukiyoto Publishing at the Kolkata Literary Carnival, for her book ‘What Comes After Marriage?’.
Synthesis and characterization of nanoparticles for biomedical applications
Speaker: Shagun Varshney (RSS2019006, Ph.D. Student)
Abstract: The use of nanotechnology in biomedical engineering offers several exciting possibilities. Some of them can only be imagined, while others are at various stages of testing, or actually being used today. Nanotechnology in the biomedical field involves the application of nanoparticles, currently under development, as well as longer-range research that involves them at the cellular level (sometimes referred to as nanomedicine). The use of nanotechnology in the field of science and medicine has revolutionized the way we detect and treat damage to the human body and disease in the future, and many techniques only imagined a few years ago are making remarkable progress towards becoming realities. In this presentation, a brief overview of the research work will be presented. The research work includes the synthesis of metal oxide-based nanoparticles and natural fiber-based nanomaterials. These include nanoparticles of MgO, ZnO, SiO2, and nanocellulose. These materials are superior and indispensable in many areas of human activity due to their unique size-dependent properties. In this presentation. an approach has been made to review the different synthesis techniques and strategies for nanoparticles, their characterization techniques, and their applications in the field of biology.
A generalization of 2-uniform maps on the torus
Speaker: Yogendra Singh (RSS2018503, PhD Student)
Abstract: A covering of the Euclidean plane, without gaps or overlap, using polygons is called a tiling of the plane. A tiling T is called k-uniform if it is edge to edge and has exactly k-orbits of vertices under its automorphism group. The k-uniform tilings of the plane are completely classified for k ∈ {1, 2, . . . , 7}. A map associated with such tilings is called k-uniform map. By the fact that the plane is the universal cover of the torus, one can explore the same type maps (locally) on the torus that are associated with these tilings. In this regard, the eleven 1-uniform tilings (also known as Archimedean tilings) and twenty 2-uniform tilings of the plane provide semi-equivelar and doubly semi-equivelar maps on the torus, respectively. Here, we give a construction to classify and enumerate doubly semi-equivelar maps on the torus. For this we describe a planar representation of a doubly semi-equivelar map. We also determine distinct classes of such representations by defining, if any, an isomorphism between them. This gives the exact number of maps up to isomorphism.
Development of hemocompatible carbon dot composite to prevent the growth of bacterial biofilm and disrupt the biofilm layer that has already formed
Speaker: Anirudh Singh (RSS2017506, PhD Student)
Abstract: Nearly 80% of human chronic infections are caused due to bacterial biofilm formation. The increased resistance against the conventional antimicrobial agents makes it difficult to treat the biofilm-related infections. The antibiotics resistance developed by planktonic cells has also become a major threat for human. Therefore, we have attempted here to develop an effective alternative strategy to overcome the issues of antibiotics resistance of bacteria. Upon synthesis, biogenic C-dots were combined with lysozymes which were further encapsulated into chitosan nanocarrier to form C-dots carrier (CDC). The as-synthesized C-dots were found irregular shaped and the average size of C-dots and CDC were 8 ± 2 nm and 450 ± 50 nm, respectively. To ensure secure and targeted delivery of C-dots and lysozyme we have employed chitosan, a biodegradable and natural biopolymer, as a delivery system. The study of time-dependent bacterial growth and flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that CDC can exhibit a synergistic bactericidal activity against the antibiotics resistant recombinant E. coli cells. Further, we have shown that the CDC could be a potent agent for both prevention of biofilm formation and eradication of preformed biofilm. In addition, we have observed that our drug delivery system is hemo compatible in nature making it suitable for in vivo applications. Therefore, we believe that the combination therapy of C-dots and lysozyme may be used as an excellent antibacterial and ant biofilm strategy.
Title: Microfluidics for 3D cell cultures: Past, Present, and Future
Abstract: As compared to the conventional 2D cell cultures, three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures are now being extensively utilized as they allow to mimic the in-vitro conditions which facilitate the understanding of disease mechanism, drug action, proliferation rate. Microfluidic devices, with controllable chambers and channels in the micrometer range (10–1000 μm), are suitable for miniaturization analysis and they show great promise as new and influential players in drug discovery. They can be also integrated with various other techniques for better results in micro-environments and combining them with 3-D cell cultures gives rise to a wide range of Organ-on-a-chip approaches. Integrating these three-dimensional cultures with microfluidics devices will not only enhance the understanding of various parameters but will also cut the consumption of reagents, tissue culture, and biological specimens due to their efficient composite assay protocols. Due to these factors, they are being extensively used for cancer research, single-cell analytics, cell sorting, and molecular analysis. My presentation would provide an overview of trends, recent developments along with the work done in this domain in the Bio-MEMS lab, IIIT-A. I would also share the optimized fabrication procedure followed in our lab to make the process of microfabrication more cost-effective and less complicated.
Speaker: Nimisha Roy (RSS2017505, PhD Student)
Title: Photonic Crystals: Principles and Applications.
Abstract: Photonic crystals have proven their ability to control the propagation of light in low-loss media. These are artificial periodic optical structures in which scattering from periodic media can strongly modify the dispersion of light. The fundamental property of photonic crystals is their photonic bandgap, which is frequency-dependent and inhibits the propagation of light in that region. Realization of these properties is applicable in many optical devices such as low loss Bragg mirrors, optical filters, and optical switches. Due to the technological challenges in fabrication, they are suffering from backscattering and localization phenomena which occurred due to the unwanted impurities and defects in the fabricated samples. Recently, the topological phase of matter from solid-state physics has been adopted in photonic crystals, which may describe a new state of light propagation. It provides a robust path for it by reducing the effects of backscattering, unwanted impurities, and defects, etc. This presentation will explain the foundation of photonic crystals from one-dimension to higher-order, and also introduces the topological ideas in photonic crystals.
Speaker: Ankit Singh (RSS2018505, PhD Student)
Title: An overview of the magnetism in rare-earth based intermetallics.
Abstract: In this presentation, I shall be starting with a glance at my research work which is the study of some magnetic properties of rare-earth based intermetallic compounds along with their applications. I shall discuss the processes of preparation, characterization, and data analysis of the polycrystalline alloys I have worked on. This will explain how these alloys change their magnetic behavior under various conditions and what can be the possible applications of these changes.
Speaker: Sanjay Sharma (RSS2018002, PhD Student)
Departmental Colloquium
Speaker: Anju Sharma (RSS2017504, PhD Student)
Date: 9th Sept 2021
Title: Insight into mystery of smell Sub-title: DeepOlf for predicting odorants and their interacting receptors.
Abstract: Sense of smell, governed by olfactory system, performs variety of functions like detection and perception of odors, building an illustration of our environment, avoidance of danger, inter-individual non-verbal communications, governs behavioural and emotional output. Olfaction transduction mechanism is triggered by the binding of odorants to the specific olfactory receptors (OR’s) present in the nasal cavity. Different odorants stimulate different OR’s due to the difference in shape, physical and chemical properties. We have developed, a deep neural network architecture DeepOlf, based on molecular features and fingerprints of odorants and ORs, to predict whether a chemical compound is a potential odorant or not along with its interacting OR is proposed. Odorant identification and Odorant-OR interaction was modelled as a binary classification through multiple classifiers. The evaluation of these classifier’s performance showed that the deep-neural network framework not only fits data with better accuracy in comparison to other classical methods (SVM, RF, k-NN) but also able to predict odorant-OR interactions more accurately. To our knowledge, this study is the first realization of deep learning ideas for the problem of odorant and interacting OR prediction. The accuracy of DeepOlf was found to be 94.83% and 99.92 % for the prediction of odorants and Odorant- OR interactions respectively. Comparison of DeepOlf prediction with the existing SVM based prediction server, ODORactor, showed that better performance can be achieved with the proposed deep learning approach.
Speaker: Subhodeep Sarkar (RSS2019005, PhD Student)
Title: The Fascinating Physics of Black Holes
Date: 9th Sept 2021
Abstract: In this talk, I shall try to convey some of the key ideas underlying the general theory of relativity and highlight one of its most astounding consequences, the existence of black holes. I shall retrace some of the major milestones that have shaped our understanding of black holes and touch upon some of the key issues that continue to be an area of active investigation. In particular, I shall talk about the internal structure of black holes and also address questions related to the detection of astrophysical signatures of black holes. Along the way, I will also mention some of the humble efforts made by workers here at IIITA towards addressing these problems.
Speaker: Pankaj Warbal (RSS2018502, PhD Student)
Title: Photoacoustic Tomography: A relatively new imaging modality.
Date: 16th Sept 2021
Abstract: In this talk, I will introduce the basic concepts of biomedical imaging. And then I will tell about photoacoustic tomography (PAT) which is my area of research. It is one of the recent imaging modalities still in the pre-clinical stage. PAT combines the advantages of optical (high contrast) and ultrasound imaging (penetration depth) techniques in a single modality. In photoacoustic (PA) imaging, the chromophores present inside the tissue absorb the light energy when irradiated by short laser pulses and results in the generation of wide-band acoustic waves. This is because of the rapid thermo-elastic expansion of the illuminated region. This is known as the PA effect. These acoustic waves (or PA signals) are captured using ultrasound detectors placed around the illuminated tissue. The recorded signals are then processed to generate the map of the initial pressure distribution. This is called image reconstruction. The algorithms used for image reconstruction can be analytical (like back-projection, time-reversal) as well as model-based (like Tikhonov regularization). With the help of IIIT-A administration and the Department of Applied Sciences, we have established a Biomedical Imaging Laboratory (BMIL). The laboratory has the facility of PAT imaging and other experiments of PA signal calculation and characterization. We also have a separate room for biology experiments where sample preparation and storage will take place. I will show some of the experimental results generated in our laboratory.
Speaker: Amar Dhwaj (RSS2018007, PhD Student)
Title: Biomimetics and 3D printing in Tissue Engineering
Date: 16th Sept 2021
Abstract: Rapid prototyping in the tissue engineering field has now become the important integral part which is used to develop various biomaterial based tissue scaffolds. Unlike the conventional methods, the rapid prototyping is based on 2D/3D Computer Numeric Control (CNC) based systems. Nowadays the most prevailing challenge is to find an organ Donor for the patients with the specific organ type in order to eliminate histocompatibility issues with the donated organs. Other than complete organ donation, patients with third degree burns require immediate skin transplant. Several remedies for severe burn patients are available in the market which are artificially derived skin grafts. Conventional methods involve Solvent casting and particulate leaching, melt molding, gas foaming, freeze drying and fiber bonding etc. Steps involved in the fabrication of tissue scaffolds with the conventional methods are very lengthy and time taking and also requires expertise and experience to achieve a desired microstructure. Rapid Prototyping on the other hand requires the Computer Aided Designing (CAD) skills to fabricate a tissue scaffold and microstructures. The parameters like Porosity, scaffold morphology, scaffold topography and Bioactivity, etc. can be easily adjusted during the CAD modeling itself. Here we are going to develop a versatile 2D/3D (CNC) based build platform which can perform multiple 2D/3D(CNC) based operation like Laser based ablation/engraving, Laser based patterning, Liquid polymer patterning, milling based operations, 3D patterning on a single platform with different Biomaterials in order to fabricate 2D/3D tissue scaffolds. Fabrication process will be done using different biocompatible polymers like PLA (Poly Lactic acid), PCL (Poly Caprolactone), PEG (Poly-ethylene Glycol), Collagen, and Chitosan, etc. and will be subjected to further biological testing using different mammalian cell lines including Hepatic cell lines, Cardiomyocytes, and Epithelial Skin cells, etc.
International Conference BSB 2020
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